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SN instructed that the Metformin is used with a proper diet and exercise program and possibly with other medications to control high blood sugar. It is used in patients with type 2 diabetes. Controlling high blood sugar helps prevent kidney damage, blindness, nerve problems, loss of limbs, and sexual function problems. Proper control of diabetes may also lessen your risk of a heart attack or stroke. Metformin works by helping to restore your body's proper response to the insulin you naturally produce. It also decreases the amount of sugar that your liver makes and that your stomach/intestines absorb.
SN instructed patient about on gastric ulcer. Gastric ulcers occur on the inside of the stomach. Pain is the most common symptom. The pain is caused by the ulcer and is aggravated by stomach acid coming in contact with the ulcerated area. The pain typically may: Be felt anywhere from your navel up to your breastbone. Be worse when your stomach is empty. Flare at night. Often be temporarily relieved by eating certain foods that buffer stomach acid or by taking an acid-reducing medication. Disappear and then return for a few days or weeks. See your doctor: If vomiting of blood — which may appear red or black. Dark blood in stools or stools that are black or tarry. Nausea or vomiting. Unexplained weight loss. Appetite changes.
SN instructed patient / caregiver that Atrial fibrillation is an irregular and often rapid heart rate that can increase your risk of stroke, heart failure and other heart-related complications. It may lead to complications. Atrial fibrillation can lead to blood clots forming in the heart that may circulate to other organs and lead to blocked blood flow ( ischemia ). Treatments for this may include medications and other interventions to try to alter the heart's electrical system. Signs and symptoms ( S / S ) such as: Palpitations, which are sensations of a racing, uncomfortable, irregular heartbeat or a flip - flopping in your chest, weakness, fatigue, lightheadedness, dizziness, chest pain.
Sn instructed patient about diabetic wounds / ulcers have poor or delayed healing. Healing problems are caused by the peripheral arterial diseases and peripheral neuropathy that can occur with diabetes, wherein the small blood vessels in different parts of the body, especially in the extremities ( hands and feet ), grow narrower and reduce the blood circulation to those areas. A lack of circulation in the extremities can result in a reduced supply of oxygen and nutrients to the body tissue and nerves, which is necessary for healing. Over time, nerves in these areas may become damaged, decreasing the sensation of pain, temperature and touch, making patients vulnerable to injury.
SN instructed that the joint that is damaged by injury or disease can be removed and replaced with a new one. There are times when only a part of the joint needs to be replaced or repaired. Your healthcare provider may try other treatments before joint replacement surgery, such as steroid injections or medicines. Pain relief and increased function are the goals of joint replacement. Knee, hip, and shoulder joints are the most common joints replaced. Joints in your elbows, fingers, and ankles can also be repaired or replaced. Your risk of infection, bleeding, and blood clots increase with surgery. You may be allergic to the material used in your new joint. Nerves, muscles, tendons, and blood vessels near your joint may become damaged during surgery. The new joint may loosen or come out of the socket. Sn instructed patient on symptoms / signs ( S/S ) of infection such as fever, drainage, swelling, redness. Patient recalls back partial teaching of redness. Patient instructed to report any symptoms should they occur to physician / nurse ( MD / SN ).
Patient instructed Humalog (insulin lispro) is a fast-acting insulin that starts to work about 15 minutes after injection, peaks in about 1 hour, and keeps working for 2 to 4 hours. It is used to improve blood sugar control in patients with DMII. Most people who take Humalog use a sliding scale or take a certain dose routinely throughout the day. If you are taking this medication with meals, use it within 15 minutes before or just after you eat. Do not take Humalog if your blood sugar is below 60 or you are experiencing s/s of hypoglycemia.
SN taught patient about importance of exercise with diabetes. For most people with diabetes, exercise is very important. Exercise helps your body use sugar better. As a result, your blood glucose level goes down. An exercise plan can be as simple as taking a walk every day. Get a friend to walk with you. When you do things with a buddy, it’s easier. You’ll be less tempted to skip a day. Before you start an exercise program, talk to your doctor. Exercise tends to lower blood glucose level, so your doctor may need to make some changes to your management plan.
SN instructed patient on atherosclerotic heart disease also known as Coronary Artery Disease (CAD); is the damage or disease in the heart's major blood vessels. The usual cause is the buildup of plaque. This causes coronary arteries to narrow, limiting blood flow to the heart. Coronary artery disease can range from no symptoms, to chest pain, to a heart attack. Treatments include lifestyle changes, medications, angioplasty, and surgery.
SN instructed on intermittent claudication which is a condition caused by narrowing of the arteries that supply the legs with blood. Intermittent claudication causes pain in your calves when walking, Patients with intermittent claudication develop pain when they walk because not enough oxygen-containing blood reaches the active leg muscles. There are two main ways to treat claudication: medication and a surgical treatment, called revascularization. Medication therapies are often used initially as they are non-invasive. Compression therapy can also be used as a noninvasive way to treat symptoms of claudication. Intermittent calf compression has been shown in studies to improve symptoms-free walking distance.
SN Instructed on Glucometer testing: Clean your hands and sampling area. Use hot water and soap to wash your hands. Clean the finger you’re going to prick with an alcohol swab, or with rubbing alcohol on a cotton ball. Assemble the device. Insert a test strip into the glucometer, ensuring your insert the proper end inward. Insert a lancet into the lancing device you use to prick your finger. Wait for the glucometer to prompt you for a sample. A readout on the glucometer will tell you to put the drop of blood on the strip. Test your blood sample. Prick your finger with the lancing device. This usually causes no, or very minimal, discomfort. Wait for your results. The glucometer will start to count down in seconds until your results are ready to read. Read the results. The results will show up on the digital screen of your glucometer. Results will vary depending on what time of day it is, how recently you ate, and what you ate.